It is difficult for those fields that require laboratory activities such as manufacturing, though distance education works for many fields of study. One usually has to travel to the lab investment of both time and expense of travel is a big concern for potential students in the field of manufacturing to be involved in laboratory activities.
The advancement of internet technology tools developed in 1990s made it possible to access a lab at long distance. It is called Online Laboratory. An online laboratory would be maximized by technology of remote control through internet. A major step in the control online came with experiments using the internet was done by Kuchlin at 1997 with Highrobot Telerobotics. A software model based on an object oriented concept that could interact remotely with program of robots.
Kuchlin also explored the extensive capabilities of Java with Internet Protocol and Transmission Control Protocol. The result was a Java program could run on arbitrary remote computer platforms interacting with a robotic control.
On 1998 Calkin and Parkin developed simulation tools for remotely controlled robots to access a remote manufacturing system through internet. The tools simulation for the robotic hardware were developed using Java and VRMWL 97 to create a desktop virtual reality environment. A VRML browser was developed by the researchers to enable a computer client to request transmission of web pages from the host computer.
Rodrigues and Bergerman attempted remote control operation on 1998 at the Automation Institute in Brazil. The Automation institute proposed the first Brazilian RCVVL (Robotics and Computer Vision Virtual Laboratory). The communication between the user and the remote laboratory was accomplished through an interface of graphical which was developed with Java and HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). By using it, users could access the remote laboratory without having to download executable source codes. The RCCVL utilized two cameras one on the ceiling laboratory and the other on top of the robot.
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