Robotic is one of key technologies that have a strong potential to change how we live in century 21st. we have already seen robots exploring surfaces of the depth of ocean and distant planets, streamlining and speeding up the assembly lines in manufacturing industry. Robotic lawn mover, vacuum cleaner and even pets found their ways to our houses. Among the medical applications of robotics the minimally invasive surgery was the first demonstrate a real benefits and advantages of introducing robotic devices into operating room over conventional surgical methods. These machines have been used to position an endoscope, perform gallbladder surgery and correct gastroesophogeal heartburn and reflux.
After its inception in the late 1980s the utilization of laparoscopic cholecystectomy grew rapidly. However, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for other operations has not experienced the same pattern of growth. The reason is that in general laparoscopic procedures are hard to learn, perform and master. This is a consequence of the fact that the camera platform is unstable, the instruments have a restrictive number of degrees of freedom and the imagery presented to the surgeon does not offer sufficient depth of information. The solutions seem to be at hand with the significant growth of robotic surgery. This is surgery where in the surgeon operate through a robot. This robot is a telemanipulator under the control of the surgeon. The system of robotic provides a stable video platform, added dexterity and in some cases a stereoscopic view of the field of surgical.
The surgical robots use technology that allows the human surgeon to get closer to the site of surgical than human vision will allow, and work at a smaller scale than conventional surgery permits. The robotic surgery system consist two primary components:
• A surgical arm unit (robotic)
• A viewing and control console (operating station)
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